Biography

1916–2003, American physician, b. Auburn, Ala., grad. Univ. of Missouri, 1938, M.D. Harvard, 1940. He served on the staff of Children’s Hospital, Boston, and at Harvard, and from 1952 to 1966 was director of pediatrics at Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital. At Case Western Reserve Univ. he served as professor of pediatrics (1952–80), dean of the medical school (1966–80), and university professor (1980–87). He shared the 1954 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with J. F. Enders and T. H. Weller for their work in growing polio viruses in cultures of different tissues, a breakthrough that enabled the development of polio and other vaccines and that had great significance in the development of virology and cell biology.

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